Biological and Climatic Resistance of Cement Composites Based on Biocidal Binders

The aim of this work is to study the durability in biological media of cement composites based on biocidal cements. Formulation of biocidal cements was carried out using the following components: Portland cement clinker (JSC “Mordovcement”, Russia); calcium sulfate dihydrate (Poretskoe deposit, Nizhny Novgorod region); fly ash of Krasnoyarsk CHP-3 (Russia), biocide preparations: sulfuric acid sodium, sodium fluoride. The finished specimens were incubated in a medium consisting of 10 species of mycelial fungi. Identification of dominant micromycetes infesting the surface of composites made on ordinary Portland cement and several types of biocidal cements obtained using different biocidal preparations was carried out. No more than 2 species of mycelial fungi were found around specimens based on biocidal cements as opposed to ordinary ones—against 7–8. At the same time, it is important that the absence of the most dangerous for human health micromycetes (Aspergillusniger) around the composites made with biocidal cements was revealed. Long-term tests (up to 180 days) revealed high fungal resistance and fungicidity of individual compositions with biocidal additives and insignificant variability of properties both in standard biological environment and in the products of their metabolism. The biocidal properties of the developed composites were tested in full-scale climate conditions of the Black Sea coast and the Leningrad Region. Developed biocidal cements with active mineral additives are recommended for use in buildings with biologically active media in the manufacture of concrete and other cement composites with increased biological resistance.