Serially integrated high-voltage and high power miniature batteries

Accessing high voltages (>9 V) and high power density in microbatteries with volumes below similar to 0.25 cm(3) is challenging. At such scales, energy density and voltage are highly constrained by packaging and serial integration of cells. Here, we demonstrate hermetically sealed, durable, compact (volume <= 0.165 cm(3)) batteries with low package mass fraction (10.2%) in single- (similar to 4 V), double- (similar to 8 V), and triple-stacked (similar to 12 V) configurations with energy densities reaching 990 Wh Kg(-1) and 1,929 Wh L-1 (triple-stacked battery discharged at C/10) and high power density for continuous and pulsed discharge (similar to 124 mW cm(-2) for triple-stacked battery at C/2 continuous discharge, similar to 75 mW cm(-2) for double-stacked battery at 2C pulsed discharge). We achieve the high voltage-power-energy density landscape by using current collectors as the package and serial stacking of bifancial dense electrodeposited LiCoO2 cathode, Li-metal anode electrodes. Our microbatteries power wireless communication electronics, motors, and actuators, paving the way toward highly functional microdevices.