Lithium Isotope Constraints on Slab and Mantle Contribution to Arc Magmas

Dehydration of subducting oceanic lithosphere (slab) induces Li-isotope fractionation between the fluid and the slab, suggested by the delta Li-7 variation (similar to 10 parts per thousand) in exhumed subduction complexes. Given that arc magmas represent melt of the supraslab mantle, a large delta Li-7 variation is anticipated for arc volcanic rocks. However, the delta Li-7 values in these rocks are mostly homogeneous within the range of mid-ocean ridge basalts (+1.6 to +5.6 parts per thousand). The lack of a subduction-related delta Li-7 signature has been explained by (a) homogenization by mixing of different magma sources, (b) loss of Li from the slab via dehydration, or (c) homogenization by diffusive exchange of slab-derived Li and the mantle. The Chugoku district in SW Japan is an ideal place to study the process responsible for Li-isotope variation in arc magmas, since the Chugoku volcanic rocks show large delta Li-7 variation (-1.9 to +7.4 parts per thousand). High delta Li-7 values (+6.3 to +7.4 parts per thousand) are found in some high-Sr andesites and dacites (adakites) whereas low delta Li-7 values (-1.0 to -0.1 parts per thousand) are found in high-Mg andesites. The parental magmas of these rocks have been sourced from subducted oceanic crust and sediments, respectively, with various extents of the interaction with wedge mantle. The limited extents of Li isotope modification are indicated by the similarity of the delta Li-7 values of these rocks and their supposed sources. The models for a slab dehydration and a diffusive exchange between slab-derived melt and mantle demonstrate that the delta Li-7 signatures of the sources can be preserved in the adakites if they ascent rapidly in mantle.