Utility of gene tumor expression of VEGF, FOXM1*3 and CD-133 on diagnosis and prognosis of brain gliomas

Objective This paper seeks to quantify the normalized expression of transcripts FOXM1*3, VEGF, CD133 , and MGMT and their relation with the histopathological and molecular diagnosis and with the probability of estimating tumor progression-free survival of gliomas. Methods A cohort of patients was made up of patients aged over 18 years with a histological and molecular diagnosis of gliomas from the year 2011 to 2018. The patients had a complete tumor resection. Patients with high-grade glioma received adjuvant management (temozolamide and radiotherapy). Clinical and imaging follow-up was carried out periodically to identify the time of progression free survival (PFS). Results Ninety-one patients (age range, 18–85 years) comprised the study cohort with a predominance of males. The expression of FOXM1*3, VEGF , and CD133 allowed the differentiation of astrocytomas grade II from GBM. ROC curves proved statistically significant in the GBM model ( p < 0.05), demonstrating greatest sensitivity with FOXM1*3 (91%), and greatest specificity with VEGF (93%). The age-adjusted Cox multivariate model established that a PFS50% of 25 months corresponds to a median value of 5.3 for VEGF and 0.42 for CD133. Conclusions The normalized expression of transcripts FOXM1 *3, VEGF , and CD133 allow us to estimate the probability of PFS, especially in gliomas grades II and IV; likewise, their overexpression defines the diagnosis of GBM. Authorship 1. Substantial contributions to conception and design (IAFR, BNR, MARF, GG, IG), acquisition of data (IAFR, BNR, MARF, IFE, LCP, JCM, SOS, JAC, CRA), analysis and interpretation of data (IAFR, BNR, MARF, JCM, SOS, CEN, HMG, IG). 2. Drafting the article (IAFR, BNR, MARF, IFE, LCP, SOS, JAC, IG), revising it critically for important intellectual content (IAFR, JCM, CEN, GG, HMG, CRA, IG) 3. Final approval of the version to be published (IAFR, BNR, MARF, IFE, LCP, JCM, SOS, JAC, CEN, GG, HMG, CRA, IG). ### Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest. ### Funding Statement The present study was funded by Fondo de Investigacion en Salud del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social grant (FIS/IMSS/PRIO/10/012). ### Author Declarations I confirm all relevant ethical guidelines have been followed, and any necessary IRB and/or ethics committee approvals have been obtained. Yes The details of the IRB/oversight body that provided approval or exemption for the research described are given below: The project was approved by the National Committee for Scientific Research of the Mexican Institute of Social Security (IMSS), registration number 2010-785-042. All necessary patient/participant consent has been obtained and the appropriate institutional forms have been archived. Yes I understand that all clinical trials and any other prospective interventional studies must be registered with an ICMJE-approved registry, such as ClinicalTrials.gov. I confirm that any such study reported in the manuscript has been registered and the trial registration ID is provided (note: if posting a prospective study registered retrospectively, please provide a statement in the trial ID field explaining why the study was not registered in advance). Yes I have followed all appropriate research reporting guidelines and uploaded the relevant EQUATOR Network research reporting checklist(s) and other pertinent material as supplementary files, if applicable. Yes All relevant data are within the manuscript and its supporting information file.