Amyloid –β pathology in Alzheimer’s disease: A nano delivery approach

The pathology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is majorly driven by, imbalance between the production and clearance and deposition of Aβ in brain. Current treatment strategies offer a symptomatic management rather specific targets involved in AD, particularly Amyloid-β (Aβ). Despite mounting evidence demonstrate the role of Aβ plaques in AD pathology, the clinical reliability on Aβ in diagnosis and treatment is still a matter of debate. Indeed, the oligomeric form of Aβ is highly neurotoxic than the soluble forms. The neurotoxic potential of Aβ oligomerisation has led to many research works focused to prevent its aggregation. On the other hand, the bioavailability and blood brain barrier (BBB) penetration capability of drugs play a crucial role in AD therapeutic outcome. Nano-technology based delivery systems are emerging as ray of hope as they provide both target specific and increased biodistribution of drugs for many ailments particularly for drugs acting in brain. These nano technologies-based delivery systems are seemed to be promising tools to deliver drugs across BBB through various routes of administration. The present review summarizes research focused on inhibition of Aβ oligomerisation and role of nanotechnologies towards effective management of AD. We also provide update on clinical trials on inhibition of Aβ oligomerisation and its clearance and use of nanotechnologies in AD.