Pyramidal Structured Mxene/Ecoflex Composite-Based Toroidal Triboelectric Self-Powered Sensor for Human-Machine Interface

In this work, we newly developed a high-performance self-powered toroidal triboelectric sensor (STTS). The pyramidal array structure of MXene/Ecoflex nanocomposites was created by 3D printing technology to create space between the finger skin and the negative electrical layer. This avoids the need for spacers in previous work and simplifies the structure of the sensor to improve wearability. The highly negatively charged MXene/Ecoflex nanocomposite also acts as a negative friction layer and uses a flexible conductive fabric as an electrode to improve flexibility. The developed STTS features high flexibility, high triboelectric peak-to-peak voltage (19.91 V) output, high sensitivity (0.088 VkPa ^-1 ), and a wide pressure detection range (0-120 kPa.) The STTS can be easily worn on the finger to accurately detect various finger movements for virtual reality gaming experiences and human-machine interface (HMI) control of appliance switches.