Disease X vaccine production and supply chains: risk assessing healthcare systems operating with artificial intelligence and industry 4.0

Objective The objective of this theoretical paper is to identify conceptual solutions for securing, predicting, and improving vaccine production and supply chains. Method The case study, action research, and review method is used with secondary data – publicly available open access data. Results A set of six algorithmic solutions is presented for resolving vaccine production and supply chain bottlenecks. A different set of algorithmic solutions is presented for forecasting risks during a Disease X event. A new conceptual framework is designed to integrate the emerging solutions in vaccine production and supply chains. The framework is constructed to improve the state-of-the-art by intersecting the previously isolated disciplines of edge computing; cyber-risk analytics; healthcare systems, and AI algorithms. Conclusion For healthcare systems to cope better during a disease X event than during Covid-19, we need multiple highly specific AI algorithms, targeted for solving specific problems. The proposed framework would reduce production and supply chain risk and complexity in a Disease X event.