Vitamin D supplementation and cardiac tissue inflammation in obese rats

Objective The current study was aimed to evaluate the effects of active form of vitamin D on TGF- β, NF-κB and MCP-1 in heart tissue of obese rats. Methods Forty rats were allocated into groups of normal diet and high fat diet for sixteen weeks; then each group was divided into two groups that received either 500 IU/kg vitamin D or placebo for five weeks. Biochemical parameters were assessed by ELISA kits. Results Vitamin D reduced TGF-β in obese rats supplemented with vitamin D compared with other groups ( P = 0.03). Moreover, vitamin D reduced MCP-1 concentrations in the heart tissues of both vitamin D administered groups compared to placebo one ( P = 0.002). NF-κB in the heart of HFD + vitamin D group was significantly lower ( P = 0.03). Current study also showed that vitamin D improves glycemic status and reduce insulin resistance significantly in HFD group ( P = 0.008). Conclusion Vitamin D was a potential anti- inflammatory mediator of cardiovascular disease and markers of glycemic status in obese rats. Further investigations are needed to better identify the therapeutic role of this vitamin in CVD and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.