Identification and validation of immune and prognosis-related genes in hepatocellular carcinoma: A review

Purpose: Bioinformatics methods were used to identify the key genes associated with the immune microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) to construct an immune risk prognostic model (IRPM) and to study the correlation between IRPM's risk groups and immune characteristics of patients with HCC. Methods: HCC transcriptome sequencing information was searched for immune-related genes (IRGs) that were regularly expressed in cancer tissues. The IRGs, which were strongly linked to overall survival were screened; the prognostic characteristics model was constructed using Cox regression analysis. IRPM's independent prognostic value was explored; Kaplan-Meier survival and receiver-operating characteristic curves were used to determine the model prediction ability in the led-to queue. Results: Patients in the high-risk group (HRG) showed significantly poor outcomes. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis revealed factors involved in both the HRG and low risk group. Immune-related hub genes (IRHGs) and drug sensitivity expression levels revealed that all IRHGs were correlated with drug sensitivity for certain chemotherapy drugs. Conclusion: The study results may serve as a reference for improving prognosis, early screening, and immunotherapy in patients with HCC.