State of the Art Study of the Safety Argumentation Frameworks for Automated Driving System

The automotive industry is experiencing a transition from assisted to highly automated driving. New concepts for validation of Automated Driving System (ADS) include amongst other a shift from a "technology based" approach to a "scenario based" assessment. The safety validation and vehicle type approval process of ADS are seen as the biggest challenges for the automotive stakeholders today. Considering a variety of existingwhite papers, standardization activities and regulatory approaches, manufacturers still struggle with selecting best practices that stay aligned with their Safety Management System and Safety Culture. A step forward would be to implement a harmonized and global safety assurance scheme that is compliant with relevant regulations, standards, and reflects locally accepted behavioural laws. This will ensure a common understanding of the safety and build needed trust around ADS. Today many communities (regulatory bodies, local authorities, industrial stakeholders, and academia) work on proof-of-concept framework for the Safety Argumentation as an answer to this problem. Unfortunately, there is still no consensus on one definitive methodology and a set of safety metrics to measure ADS safety. An objective of this summary paper is to fill existing gaps in the literature reviews, concerning available methods and approaches for engineering frameworks, processes of scenario-based evaluation and a vendor- and technology-neutral Safety Argumentation approaches and tools. A particular focus is placed on safety metrics and emerging quantitative approaches.