Fault detection and anti-icing technologies in wind energy conversion systems: A review

Over the past few decades, wind energy has emerged to be one of the most promising and popular sources of renewable energy in different continents. The efficiency and robustness of wind energy conversion systems are highly dependent on the safe operational status of the system and the capability to achieve cost-effective operation. In order to prolong the systems' operational time and increase the reliability of the wind turbines, predictive and preventive maintenances are required. This is important in reducing the operational and maintenance (O&M) costs of the wind energy conversion systems. This review paper acts as a platform for readers to comprehend the most recent, up-to-date and state-of-the-art approaches in detecting and diagnosing faults in wind energy conversion systems, including cepstral editing procedure, sensor fault detection and isolation method, induction abrasive particle sensor, novel model-based approach and machine learning based data-driven approach. Current innovations in anti-icing technologies, including resistive heaters, application of hybrid electro-heating and superhydrophobic coating, ultrasonic deicing, research on materials of ultrasonic transducers for anti-icing and a novel embedded anti-icing system as a part of the O&M measure to reduce the levelized cost of energy of the wind energy conversion systems are also presented and discussed in this paper. (C) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.