Design of solar powered smart water pump for moisture controller in agriculture sector

The article discusses the design, which includes monitoring the moisture of the soil as well as the level of water in the tank, as well as turning on and off the pump motor based on the soil moisture content. An ultrasonic sensor for cattle detection and an LDR sensor for automatic lighting of agriculture has used. An application is designed such that the user can view the water level as well as the moisture content and can control the motor directly from the application. Single axis solar tracker is used for efficient power supply to the water pump. The benefit of this technology is that it requires less human interaction while yet ensuring proper irrigation. The ARDUINO UNO series controller is used, which is conditioned to receive input signals of varying soil moisture conditions and water levels via sensing. When the microcontroller receives a signal, it produces an output that controls the water pump through a relay. The ultrasonic sensor sends input signal to the microcontroller whenever a disturbance is detected in its range and the microcontroller generates signal to the buzzer to turn on. NODEMCU is used as interconnection between the microcontroller and application. NODEMCU uses Wi-Fi to transmit the data to the mobile application and can receive signal from the mobile application. The status of the soil and water quantity is also displayed on an LCD monitor. The proposed system is implemented in prototype model and analysed for different conditions and obtained results are tabulated for validation.