Proactive Prevention Key Solution for Wormhole Attack in IEEE 802.11 Networks Using AODV

Over the last few years there has been explosive growth in the use of the Wireless communications from top to bottom i.e. Satellite transmission to home Wireless personal area networks. The primary advantage of a wireless network is the ability of wireless node to communicate with the universe during mobility. Two basic system models of a wireless system are fixed and Mobile Adhoc Network has been developed for the wireless network paradigm. The first model consists of multiple numbers of mobile workstations and relatively fewer but more powerful, having fixed routers. The second model has been proposed to set up a network on-demand basis. When a collection of wireless mobile nodes are capable of communicating with each other without the use of network infrastructure, centralized administration, or centralized control like mobile switching centers or base stations, that set up is called Mobile Adhoc Network. Here each mobile node operates not only as a host but also as a router, forwards packets to other mobile nodes in the network that may not be within direct wireless transmission range of each other. Each node participates in an Adhoc routing protocol (Yadav et al. in Comput Netw 118:15–23, 2017) that allows it to discover multiple paths through the network to any other node. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 802.11 (IEEE 802.11) [Kaur et al. in Int J Res Advent Technol 5(8), 2017] is a vital part of pervasive networks, which is a special kind of network where users can join and communicate anytime or anywhere on the fly. It is a popular kind of network because its applications cover a variety of areas. A unique communication paradigm is used which is able to run without fixed infrastructure and relies on wireless terminals for routing and transporting services. A number of security and scalability issues arise due to its wireless transmissions and unpredictable topology changes. Open standard, dynamic topology, scattered arrangements, and multi-hop routing are crucial features of IEEE 802.11 networks that make them vulnerable to various kinds of attacks. A Wormhole attack is one of the serious kinds of attack. Thus, security is the most important concern in IEEE 802.11 networks. This paper presents the refurbishment of the routing structure of Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vectors (AODV) protocol (Ning et al. in Proceedings of the IEEE systems, man and cybernetics society information assurance workshop (IAW), West Point, New York, USA, pp 60–67, 2003). It will be helpful to safeguard IEEE 802.11 networks from Wormhole attacks by preventing Wormhole Attacks. The DAPS technique had been presented in Saini et al. (Int J Res Advent Technol 6(4), 2018) to detect Wormhole Attacks. Further to DAPS technique, a new Wormhole prevention technique has been introduced in this paper called Proactive Prevention Key Solution (PPKS).