Hydraulic Fracturing Process Systems and Fluids: An Overview

Hydraulic fracturing has become a critical component of global petroleum and natural gas development, with most the countries around the globe, for example, Canada, India, England, and China actively pursuing the implementation of this technology to increase oil production after declination as well as tap into this new source of energy. Hydraulic fracturing has created jobs and increased revenue in several states across the country. However, as with any advanced technology, there are concerns about its long-term environmental impact. Thus, many researchers and technicians continuously conduct advanced studies to inform industries about any new or upcoming regulations. In this study, a mini-review of the fracking process is considered an important section of the petroleum and natural gas industries. Moreover, researchers demonstrated knowledge about the frac systems and different hydraulic fracturing fluids that are utilized for a fracking job which were different from one fracking system to another in addition to the nature of the reservoir formation. It is a significant factor that production engineers take into consideration when applying hydraulic fracturing to enhance oil or gas production and treat the formation damage, as well. Since the formation damage considers the most critical issue affecting oil and gas production due to fine migration.