Constructing uniform 2-factorizations via row-sum matrices: Solutions to the Hamilton-Waterloo problem

In this paper, we formally introduce the concept of a row-sum matrix over an arbitrary group G. When G is cyclic, these types of matrices have been widely used to build uniform 2-factorizations of small Cayley graphs (or, Cayley subgraphs of blown-up cycles), which themselves factorize complete (equipartite) graphs. Here, we construct row-sum matrices over a class of non-abelian groups, the generalized dihedral groups, and we use them to construct uniform 2-factorizations that solve infinitely many open cases of the Hamilton-Waterloo problem, thus filling up large parts of the gaps in the spectrum of orders for which such factorizations are known to exist. (c) 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.