Cholangitis with Sphingobacterium multivorum and Acinetobacter junii bacteremia in a patient with gastric cancer: A case report

Introduction: Sphingobacterium is an aerobic, glucose non-fermenting, Gram-negative rod bacterium that has been isolated from soil, plants, food, and water sources, including in hospitals. Reports of systemic infections caused by Sphingobacterium multivorum (S. multivorum) are rare, and their clinical and microbiological characteristics remain unclear. Moreover, conventional microbiological methods have limited ability to identify S. multivorum. We report the first case of obstructive cholangitis with bacteremia caused by S. multivorum in a patient with gastric cancer.Case report: A 68-year-old woman with advanced gastric cancer, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia was admitted with obstructive jaundice, and subsequently developed obstructive cholangitis during the hospital stay. S. multivorum were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry and 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing of the patient's blood samples. Based on the antibiotic susceptibility results of the isolates, cefepime was administered intravenously for 14 days, with good therapeutic outcomes.Conclusions: S. multivorum infection is rare, and its microbiology and pathogenicity in humans is mostly un-known. Therefore, multiple diagnostic approaches should be used to identify S. multivorum, and antimicrobial therapy should be selected based on the in vitro susceptibility. This report provides clinicians with novel infor-mation on the clinical manifestations and diagnostic methods for an accurate diagnosis of S. multivorum.