A ratiometric electrochemical sensor based on Cu-coordinated molecularly imprinted polymer and porous carbon supported Ag nanoparticles for highly sensitive and selective detection of perphenazine

In this work, a ratiometric electrochemical sensor was developed for the detection of perphenazine (PPZ). The sensor was constructed by electrodepositing Cu-coordinated molecularly imprinted polymer (Cu-MIP) on Ag nanoparticles (NPs) modified flexible porous carbon cloth. The Cu-MIP showed highly electrochemical response because of the enhanced adsorptive ability and electronic properties of Cu2+ chelation; Ag NPs could provide a stable and effective reference signal for ratiometric quantification. Thus the resulted sensor not only displayed high selectivity and sensitivity, but also exhibited satisfactory reproducibility and anti-interference ability. Under the optimum conditions, the quantitative detection of PPZ was performed with differential pulse voltammetry. It was found that the peak current ratio of PPZ and Ag NP was linear to the concentration of PPZ in the range of 1–700 nmol L−1 (R2 = 0.9968), and the limit of detection was 0.43 nmol L−1 (S/N = 3). The practicability of the sensor was examined by determining human serum and pharmaceutical samples, and satisfactory results and recoveries (ranging from 92.46% to 104.90%) were achieved.