Non-cross-linked collagen type I microfibers for improved hemostasis and wound healing

Heavy bleeding without effective treatment may lead to life-threatening consequence. Traditional hemostatic sponges face challenge in deep wound contact and bonding, raising the need for the development of efficient hemostatic materials, where hemostatic fibers with considerable specific surface area are a candidate of choice. In particular, collagen microfibers as hemostatic agents have been recommended in clinical applications, which are promising for irregular trauma or extensive diffuse bleeding. In the current work, we have developed non-cross-linked collagen type I microfibers with appropriate structure and physical/chemical properties. Our strategy eliminates the laborious cross-linking and purification procedures and removes the risk of reagent residuals. The fabricated microfibers demonstrate good blood compatibility and low immunogenicity, which are important properties required for hemostatic agents. Furthermore, the microfibers present improved hemostasis, coagulation and wound healing, evidenced from a range of studies herein. In general, novel collagen microfibers with satisfactory performance have been explored in this work, which paves a way in the development of effective, biocompatible and cost-effective collagen-based biomaterials for hemostasis and wound healing. Graphical abstract