CT perfusion with increased temporal sampling interval to predict target mismatch status in patients with acute ischemic stroke

Purpose To evaluate the feasibility of using CT perfusion (CTP) with increased temporal sampling interval to predict the target mismatch status in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients with anterior circular large-vessel occlusion (LVO). Methods CTP with a sampling interval of 1.7 s (CTP 1.7 s ) was scanned in 77 AIS patients for pre-treatment evaluation. Simulated CTP data with sampling interval of 3.4 s (CTP 3.4 s ) or 5.1 s (CTP 5.1 s ) were reconstructed, respectively. Target mismatch was defined according to the EXTEND-IA (Extending the Time for Thrombolysis in Emergency Neurological Deficits—Intra-Arterial) and DEFUSE 3 (Endovascular Therapy Following Imaging Evaluation for Ischemic Stroke) trial criteria, respectively. Pearson correlation analysis, Mann–Whitney U test, Bland–Altman analysis, and chi-square test were used for statistical analysis as appropriate. Results Significant correlations were found on the volume of ischemic core, hypo-perfused area, mismatch area, and ratio between CTP 1.7 s and CTP 3.4 s or CTP 5.1 s (all p < 0.001). There was no significant difference on the volume of ischemic core, hypo-perfused area, mismatch area, and mismatch ratio between CTP 1.7 s and CTP 3.4 s or CTP 5.1 s (all p > 0.05). Compared with CTP 1.7 s , CTP 3.4 s or CTP 5.1 s showed comparable performance in predicting the target mismatch status in the AIS patients with LVO (both p > 0.05). Conclusions CTPs with increased temporal sampling intervals that lead to reduced radiation doses are feasible and may provide comparable performance in predicting target mismatch status in AIS patients with LVO.