(Digital Presentation) Ternary Metal Oxide Electrodes Used in Supercapacitor to Improve Emerging Energy Storage

Supercapacitors with improved specific capacitance (F g-1), long cycling life, high power (W kg-1), and energy densities (Whkg-1) were fabricated to close the gap between traditional and emerging energy storage materials. We developed responsive supercapacitor electrodes with heterojunctions composed of well-aligned vanadium (V) oxide (V2O5) ribbon arrays and manganese (IV) oxide (MnO2) nanoparticles sphere-network structure. The V2O5 arrays were deposited on the nickel foam substrate using a cost-effective and green hydrothermal chemistry, followed by a MnO2 nano-grafting. The architectural MnO2 modification successfully increased highly reactive interfaces with channels for efficient ion transport. Electrochemical evaluation of this ternary metal oxide system indicated that mesopores and macropores among the MnO2 generated channels that increased electron conduction and shortened ion diffusion pathways. The hybrid electrodes have demonstrated a specific capacitance as high as 788 F g−1 at 5 mV s-1, an improved cyclic steadiness averaged at 92.5 % after 5000 cycles. The charge transfer resistances of these electrodes were lowered to 4.6 Ω and the effective diffusion coefficient of Li+ was 7.90 × 10−9 cm2 s−1. The symmetrical supercapacitor device assembled by the hybrid electrode achieved a high energy density of 138 W h kg-1 at a power density of 450 W kg-1 was achieved and retained at 81.0 W h kg-1 at 9000 W kg-1 after 5000 cycles. The advances in designing nanostructured supercapacitor electrode materials based on these heterojunction arrays enhanced the properties of supercapacitors including specific capacitance, energy density, and cycle stability. Figure 1