Energy Storage Technologies; Recent Advances, Challenges, and Prospectives

Fossil fuels are the origins of conventional energy production, which has been progressively transformed into modern innovative technologies with an emphasis on renewable sources such as wind, solar, and hydrothermal. Recently, the challenges concerning the environment and energy, the growth of clean and renewable energy-storage devices have drawn much attention. Renewable energy sources are the primary choice, which addresses some critical energy issues like energy security and climate change. But, renewable energy sources have interrupted and irregular supplies that should be stored in efficient, safe, efficient, reliable, affordable, and clean ways. Hence, energy storage is a critical issue to advance the innovation of energy storage for a sustainable prospect. Thus, there are various kinds of energy storage technologies such as chemical, electromagnetic, thermal, electrical, electrochemical, etc. The benefits of energy storage have been highlighted first. The classification of energy storage technologies and their progress has been discussed in this chapter in detail. Then metal–air batteries, supercapacitors, compressed air, flywheel, thermal energy, superconducting magnetic, pumped hydro, and hybrid energy storage devices are critically discussed. Finally, the recent progress, problems, and future prospects of energy storage systems have been forwarded. The chapter is vital for scholars and scientists, which provides brief background knowledge on basic principles of energy storage systems.