Myeloid sarcoma (chloroma) a rare tumour of the chest wall

Introduction Myeloid sarcoma (previously chloroma or granulocytic sarcoma) is a very rare malignant neoplasm associated with myeloproliferative neoplasms. This type of tumour can be located anywhere outside the bone marrow. Aim To describe the successful treatment and diagnostic of myeloid sarcoma. Case study Retrospective case review. Results and discussion This paper presents a case of myeloid sarcoma in a 50-year-old male. Patient presented due to pain lasting for 2 months in the left anterior axillary line region and a rapidly growing nodular lesion on the anterior chest wall. The lesion involved an extensive area of the ribs, causing rib destruction. Surgery was performed causing patients relief and chance of collecting histopathological tissue. Conclusions In myeloid sarcoma patients, surgical treatment does not only bring relief in symptomatic patients but also provides material for histopathological examination, which is necessary to confirm the diagnosis. An important part of the diagnosis is the implementation of a wide panel of immunohistochemical tests.