Efectos de Bloqueadores del Receptor de Angiotensina II e inhibidores de la Enzima Convertidora de Angiotensina en COVID-19: Una revisión narrativa de la literatura

Introduction: An outbreak of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is currently affecting worldwide. The association between this virus and the upregulation of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) has been suggested as a potential as an important factor in the development of Coronavirus Disease- 19 (COVID-19). Objective: To describe the relationship between some antihypertensive treatments and COVID-19. Methods: A research was conducted with the components of the PIO (Population, Intervention, Outcomes) strategy, including the literature of the last 20 years available in central PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase databases. All relevant articles that assessed the epidemiological relationship between SARS-CoV-2 and hypertension, the treatment and outcomes of the patients who have this comorbidity, as well as the relationship between the RAA axis and COVID-19 were included in the analysis. Results: A total of 292 items were found in the databases. After a thorough analysis, 17 papers were selected, including in vitro and in vivo tests, clinical trials, and epidemiological studies related to the topic analyzed. Conclusion: Due to the systemic benefits of antihypertensive drugs targeting the RAA axis, and the lack of evidence of these treatments being a risk factor, It is not recommended to withdraw these medications from hypertensive patients infected with SARS-CoV 2, unless there is a clinical indication.