Impact of Human Migration on the Spread of Arboviral Diseases on the United States–Mexico Border

International population movement is an underlying factor in the emergence of public health threats and risks that must be managed worldwide. These risks are often related to, but not limited to, transmissible pathogens. Mobile populations can link zones of disease emergence to low-prevalence or no endemic areas through rapid or high-volume international movements, or both. Emerging infectious diseases are defined as conditions that have appeared in recent times or that have recently increased their frequency and/or geographical distribution. Commercial globalization, population movements, and environmental changes are the primary factors favoring the international spread of these pathogens. Transport, communication development, and civil security are also elements that contribute to the worldwide dispersion of microorganisms and their vectors. Today, arboviral diseases (ADs), caused by viruses transmitted by arthropod vectors, still account for a significant percentage of death and disability worldwide in specific regions and remain important cause of illness. The mass movement of enormous numbers of people creates new opportunities for the spread and establishment of traditional or novel ADs. Historically, dengue, West Nile fever, chikungunya, Zika, and Mayaro virus infection have been major contributors to human morbidity and mortality until relatively recent times, when noncommunicable diseases began to compete.