Hydroponics: An Intensified Agriculture Practice to Improve Food Production

Agriculture has been the most common way of food resources for centuries, and it is also closely linked to food security, rural development, and poverty reduction. Traditionally, the soil has been thought to be the most important prerequisite for growing food crops, but hydroponics techniques are currently considered one of the most popular plant-growing systems around the world. Plants are grown in a soil-free environment with the appropriate fertilizer solution, exactly required water, and no pesticides. Hydroponics is classified into distinct systems based on the principles of operation. Hydroponics has been utilized as a standard method for many aspects of plant biology research employing various systems, automation, and operation control methods. Aside from promoting healthy plant growth, using hydroponics there are other various advantages, including year-round production, enhanced yields, quality, and environmental benefits. Much research has been conducted utilizing hydroponics to investigate plant responses to biotic and abiotic stressors. This agriculture system will aid in the advancement of technology as a mission for future generations to become a self-sustaining model, as it is a promising way in the face of a global food security crisis.