A High-quality Genome Assembly and Annotation of Quercus Acutissima Carruth

Background: Quercus acutissima is an economic and ecological tree species often used for afforestation of arid and semi-arid lands and is considered an excellent tree species for soil and water conservation. However, the Q. acutissima genome sequencing and assembly have not been reported, which limiting molecular biology studies and breeding progress in Q. acutissima.Results: We generated a 956.9 Mb genome with a contig N50 of 1,203,427 bp and 53,304 annotated genes. Meanwhile, the assembled contigs (1,507) assigned to a total of 12 chromosomes. The BUSCO database evaluation accounted for 98.0% of the genome size and the genome heterozygous rate was 0.25%. Repetitive sequences constituted 57.13% of the assembled genome, the most abundant one was long terminal repeats (7.18% of the genome). Phylogenetic analysis showed that Q. acutissima and Fagus sylvatica were differentiated around 54.2 million years ago (Mya), and Q. sober was differentiated around 4.4 Mya. Conclusion: We sequenced, assembled and annotated the first high-quality genome of Q. acutissima. This work not only promises to accelerate molecular biology studies and breeding progress in Q. acutissima, Q. acutissima is one of the important species in Quercus, but also promote evolutionary studies at the genome level in the genus Quercus due to its importance as one of the important species in Quercus.