Beneficial effects of prolonged 2-phenylethyl alcohol inhalation on chronic distress-induced anxio-depressive-like phenotype in female mice
biorxiv(2022)
摘要
Chronic distress-induced hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis deregulations have been associated with the development of neuropsychiatric disorders such as anxiety and depression. Currently available drugs treating such pathological conditions have limited efficacy and diverse side effects, revealing the need of new safer strategies. Aromatic plant-based compounds are largely used in herbal medicine due to their therapeutic properties on mood, physiology, and general well-being. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 2-phenylethyl alcohol (PEA), one of the pharmacologically active constituents of rose essential oil, on chronic corticosterone (CORT)-induced behavioral and neurobiological changes in female mice. Animals followed a prolonged PEA inhalation exposure (30 min per day) for 15 consecutive days prior to behavioral evaluation with open-field, forced swim and novelty-suppressed feeding tests. CORT treatment induced an anxio-depressive-like phenotype, evidenced by a reduced locomotor activity in the open-field, and an increased latency to feed in the novelty-suppressed feeding paradigms. To elucidate the neural correlates of our behavioral results, cerebral cFos expression analysis was further performed to provide a global map of neuronal activity. The altered feeding behavior was accompanied by a significant decrease in the number of cFos-positive cells in the olfactory bulb, and altered brain connectivity as shown by cross-correlation-based network analysis. CORT-induced behavioral and neurobiological alterations were reversed by prolonged PEA inhalation, suggesting a therapeutic action that allows regulating the activity of neural circuits involved in sensory, emotional and feeding behaviors. These findings might contribute to better understand the therapeutic potential of PEA on anxio-depressive symptoms.
### Competing Interest Statement
The authors have declared no competing interest.
* ACo
: anterior cortical amygdaloid area
aIC
: anterior insular cortex
aPirCx
: anterior piriform cortex
BLA
: basolateral amygdala
CeA
: central amygdala
CORT
: corticosterone
EPM
: elevated plus-maze test
FST
: forced swim test
GC
: glucocorticoids
Hip
: hippocampus
HPA
: hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis
LEC
: lateral entorhinal cortex
MWU
: Mann- Whitney U test
MCox
: log-rank Mantel-Cox test
NAcC
: nucleus accumbens core subregion
NAcS
: nucleus accumbens shell subregion
NSF
: novelty-suppressed feeding task
OB
: olfactory bulb
OF
: open-field test
PEA
: 2-phenylethyl alcohol
PLCo
: posterolateral cortical amygdaloid area
pPirCx
: posterior piriform cortex
PSTN
: parasubthalamic nucleus
ROI
: region of interest
SEM
: standard error of the mean
VEH
: vehicle
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