An adaptive V2R communication strategy based on data delivery delay estimation in VANETs

Considering the high delay and packet loss ratio caused by vehicular dynamic topology in pure vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication, vehicle-to-roadside unit (V2R) communication is an important strategy to improve the performance of vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs). However, it still remains a challenge for vehicles to select the destination uplink node among roadside units (RSUs) deployed in VANETs due to complex and dynamic influence factors such as RSU coverage, traffic density, and vehicle moving distance during uplink. To establish a benchmark for selection of RSUs, we first analyze the data delivery delay quantitatively. Based on a V2R communication classification approach, we estimate the data delivery delay caused by dynamic influence factors. Second, we propose an adaptive V2R communication strategy to provide the most suitable routing choice for minimizing the delay. We also analyze the complexity of the proposed algorithm. Extensive simulations via Network Simulator 2 (NS-2) and NS Scenarios Generator 2 (NSG2) show that proposed algorithm outperforms two basic algorithms, i.e., the shortest distance selection and random selection algorithms and two related methods, i.e., trade-off method and predicted connection method in data delivery delay and packet delivery ratio. (C) 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.