Descompresión lumbar en pacientes con enfermedad de Parkinson: serie de casos tratados con cirugía mínimamente invasiva

Introduction: Parkinson’s disease mainly affects patients aged 65 and older. The degenerative condition at the lumbar spine in the context of a narrow canal added to the neuromuscular disorder and poor bone quality favors sagittal and coronal imbalance. Patients who need surgery have high rates of revision and reoperation with instrumented and non-instrumented techniques. The objective of this study was to evaluate the minimally invasive surgical decompression technique in patients with Parkinson’s disease and radicular pain or neurogenic claudication in the lower limbs. Materials and Methods: Surgically treated patients with a diagnosis of lumbar spinal stenosis and Parkinson’s disease were evaluated. The indication for the procedure was due to symptoms of the lumbar or foraminal stenosis of degenerative cause. All the patients were treated with decompressive surgery through a minimally invasive hemilaminectomy using tubular retraction and assistance with microscopy. Results: From January 2015 to December 2017, 6 patients with Parkinson’s disease and lumbar spinal stenosis were treated. A total of 12 segments were decompressed, all patients were hospitalized for less than 24 hours. They did not require a transfusion nor suffered associated complications, with an average surgery time of 120 minutes. All with a minimum follow-up of 12 months and no relapse of the symptoms. Conclusion: The high rate of surgical complications in patients with Parkinson’s disease, in contrast to the low rate of complications in the present study, suggests that minimally invasive surgery of the lumbar spine should be a surgical alternative in these patients.Level of Evidence: IV