Fundamentals of Ohmic Processing: Modeling and Commercial Applications

Ohmic heating is a novel thermal processing that applies electrical current into the food sample to directly generate heat inside the food. There is absolutely no need to transfer heat through solid-liquid interfaces or inside solid particles since the energy can be dissipated into foods. The substantial technical improvements of the ohmic heating process associated with electrode materials and high-frequency bands with engineered pulsed waveforms have been widely promoted and studied. It is noted that ohmic heating has made a considerable contribution to diverse food applications based on the electrophoretic force under the high-intensity electric field.