The impact of life-history strategies on the stability of competitive ecological network
arxiv(2022)
摘要
In natural ecosystems, species can be characterized by the nonlinear
density-dependent self-regulation of their growth profile. Species of many taxa
show a substantial density-dependent reduction for low population size.
Nevertheless, many show the opposite trend; density regulation is minimal for
small populations and increases significantly when the population size is near
the carrying capacity. The theta-logistic growth equation can portray the
intraspecific density regulation in the growth profile, theta being the density
regulation parameter. In this study, we examine the role of these different
growth profiles on the stability of a competitive ecological community with the
help of a mathematical model of competitive species interactions. This
manuscript deals with the random matrix theory to understand the stability of
the classical theta-logistic models of competitive interactions. Our results
suggest that having more species with strong density dependence, which
self-regulate at low densities, leads to more stable communities. With this,
stability also depends on the complexity of the ecological network. Species
network connectance (link density) shows a consistent trend of increasing
stability, whereas community size (species richness) shows a context-dependent
effect. We also interpret our results from the aspect of two different life
history strategies: r and K-selection. Our results show that the stability of a
competitive network increases with the fraction of r-selected species in the
community. Our result is robust, irrespective of different network
architectures.
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