Lupus Erythematosus: A Cross-Sectional Study in Iran

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder with an unknown etiology observed most frequently in women; however, young men and older people of both genders can also be affected [1]. Clinical symptoms include arthralgia and joint inflammation, skin rashes, photosensitivity, pleuritic or periodical chest pains, Raynaud’s phenomenon, continuous fatigue, fever, and weight loss. According to the data, more than 60% of SLE patients present with symptoms in joints, skin [2, 3], and kidney which is the msot commonly affected vital organ. A low number of patients show kidney involvement at the onset of SLE, but most patients manifest symptoms of kidney problems during the disease [4]. SLE’s clinical manifestations are variable; thus, an exact diagnosis requires good clinical judgment, appropriate accuracy, and safe and acceptable laboratory tests. Although there is still no definite treatment for SLE, some methods, including training for patients, immunosuppressive drugs, and an exact follow-up program (for quick diagnosis of new clinical symptoms), are helpful. Moreover, treatment with glucocorticoids and immunosuppressive medications could decrease mortality and morbidity ratios among SLE patients [5]. Effective treatment for SLE requires supportive and medical interactions between patient and physician, but denying the disease or treatment and non-adherence to Original Article Open Access