Biochemical Markers, Body Composition and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease Amongst Geriatric Population in Al Madinah Al Munawarah: A Risk Assessment Study

Abstract Objective: to assess selected biochemical markers and body composition and their association with CVD risk amongst older adults in Al Madinah Al Munawarah, Saudi Arabia.Results: Older adults had high glycated hemoglobin percent (women 7∙90±2∙95; men 8∙4±1∙64, P <0∙001), C-reactive protein (women 17∙1±5∙92; men 36∙1±7∙8, P <0∙003) and Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP; women 0∙21±0∙18; men 0∙22±0∙21, P <0∙04) with higher values amongst men compared to their counterparts. In addition, they suffered from hypoalbuminemia and low hemoglobin levels. Older adults were malnourished, either underweight (16%) or overweight and obese (35%). Based on their AIP, most of the participants had intermediate to high CVD risk. Multiple Linear Regression model with age as the dependent variable showed that the risk of CVD increased with higher BMI (women only: Odd ratio 6.99, 95% CI: 0.96-5.03, P <0.001), elevated triglycerides (women: Odd ratio 7.47, 95% CI: 0.16-3.17; men: Odd ratio: 6.55, 95% CI: 0.23-3.26, P <0.001), high C-reactive protein (Odd ratio 8.99, 95% CI: 0.99-6.00, P = 0.003; men: Odd ratio 4.00, 95% CI: 0.99-3.01, P < 0.002) and high AIP (women: Odd ratio 14.6, 95% CI: 0.0.56-16.18, P = 0.002; men: Odd ratio 7.35, 95% CI: 0.35-20.29, P < 0.001).