Incidence Of Renal Diseases In Tanta University Hospital: Review Of A Regional Renal Biopsy Database

Glomerulonephritis is as a major cause of morbidity and mortality from renal disease in Egypt and many parts of the world. To date, there is very few studies on the prevalence of the glomerulonephritis in Egypt.Although several registries collecting data of patients with kidney diseases exist, there are only a few registries which specifically collect data relating to renal biopsy.The spectrum of diseases found on percutaneous renal biopsies varies greatly depending on multiple factors such as age, gender, race, geographical location, and the nature of biopsy indications. Moreover, there is evidence of change in many parts of the world in the spectrum of renal diseases. Therefore, it is of considerable interest to identify the prevalence of glomerular disease in Tanta University Hospital, which represent tertiary referral for most of the delta region, based on retrospective analysis of renal biopsies obtained over two years from January 2014 to December 2015. (1, 2) Because it helps in the recognition of specific risk factors and subsequent planning for adequate prevention.Our study included 182 patients during January 2014 to December 2015 in El-Gharbia area were adequate for processing to light microscopy, 41.2% where processed to IHC. The most common age interval during which renal biopsy was done was 20-30 years (32.1%). Female gender (63%) was slightly more prevalent than male gender (37%), the higher relative frequency of SGN in females may be explained by the fact that systemic lupus erythematosus was the most common SGN and it occurs more frequently in women.The main indication for renal biopsy was nephrotic syndrome followed by Proteinuria; primary GN was more common than secondary GN.Diabetic kidney disease constituted 15 cases 8.1% of the total RBs done, classical features of DN were found in 9 cases 60%, other non-diabetic renal diseases were also found in the 6 cases 40%.Lupus nephritis was the most common cause of secondary GN and constituted 47 of the total RBs done and, L.N class IV represented the most common histopathological pattern, followed by pure class III.