Assessment Of The State Of Oil-Polluted Ecosystems Of European Subarctic: A Multidisciplinary Approach

The article prents an assessment of the patterns of recovery of oil-polluted ecosystems based on the use of soil science methods, soil enzymology, microbiology, metagenomic analysis, soil zoology and geobotany. The dynamics of vegetation in the experimental remediation plots for the 17-year recovery period is analyzed. An original approach to the bio-diagnostics of ecosystems with oil pollution is proposed - the application of the concept of plant life strategies by Ramensky-Grime. It is shown that the use of this method, along with the traditional geobotanical methods, allows us to give an integrated assessment of the state of vegetation during recovery successions after oil pollution.For the first time, an attempt was made to use the data of metagenomic analysis in the diagnostics of the state of oil-polluted soils in the European Subarctic. The indicative significance of acidobacteria and ascomycetes was revealed. Trophic groups of soil microorganisms (ammonifiers, nitrificators, oligonitrophils, oil-oxidizing microorganisms) and soil invertebrates are represented as indicator taxa. Taxonomic groups of microarthropods acting as biomarkers of succession stages were presented: larvae of Diptera and mesostigmatic mites at the first stage, colletnbola at the second stage, and oribatid mites at the third stage. In the ex situ remediation model of peat soil, it was shown the informational content of cellulose and urease activity in terms of oil contamination. The complex of parameters observed characterize the state of biota in areas with oil pollution and can be recommended for determining the effectiveness of remediation methods.