Physics-Based Models for Magneto-Electric Spin-Orbit Logic Circuits

Spintronic devices provide a promising beyond-complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) device option, thanks to their energy efficiency and compatibility with CMOS. To accurately capture their multiphysics dynamics, a rigorous treatment of both spin and charge and their inter-conversion is required. Here, we present physics-based device models based on $4\times4$ matrices for the spin-orbit coupling (SOC) part of the magneto-electric spin-orbit (MESO) device. Also, a more rigorous physics model of ferroelectric and magnetoelectric (ME) switching of ferromagnets, based on Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert (LLG) and Landau–Khalatnikov (LK) equations, are presented. With the combined model implemented in a SPICE circuit simulator environment, simulation results were obtained which show feasibility of the MESO implementation and the functional operation of buffers, synchronous oscillators, and majority gates.