Improvement of Memory Functions in Chronic Spinal Cord Injury After Long-Term Intrathecal Baclofen Delivery for Spasticity Relief

Background Intrathecal baclofen (ITB) pump delivery systems are safe and effective in the treatment of generalized spasticity in chronic spinal cord injury (SCI). Despite its widespread use, few and discrepant data are available in animal studies on the effects of ITB on cognitive functions, such as memory. The effects of chronic administration of baclofen on humans have not been investigated to date. The aim of this study is to find out, whether a long-term administration of ITB has any effects on cognitive functions in SCI subjects. Materials and Methods In 11 out of 22 subjects with chronic SCI, we performed comprehensive neuropsychological assessment carried out using specialized tests focused on memory and other higher cognitive domains and emotional state. Results All patients receiving ITB treatment for spasticity relief improved significantly in RAVLT Trials 1–5 (p = 0.049), Logical memory—immediate recall (p = 0.019) and Logical memory—delayed recall (p = 0.008). Visual memory, long-term semantic memory, attention, executive, perceptual and spatial functions, and mood status remained stable. Conclusion No significant decline in memory functions were detected following one year of ITB delivery, creating an opportunity for careful prescription of this treatment in chronic SCI. Moreover, we have detected a significant increase in short-term auditory-verbal memory and logical memory performance.