Analysis of Fuel Cell Electrical Vehicles as an Electricity and Heat Source for Buildings

In the context of the advancing energy transition, the use of hydrogen plays an increasingly important role. The objective of this work is the analysis of Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle (FCEV) integrated into the energy system of buildings as a source for electricity and heat. Especially for buildings without an electrical grid connection, this technology can play a major role for energy self-sufficiency. In this work a modular modelling approach is set up which enables the analysis of different building and vehicle scenarios. Thereby, the focus is set on the interaction of the FCEV in combination with the building system technology. Three different building scenarios are investigated for a German use case, which consider an electrical heating system, a stationary battery and photovoltaics (PV). The analysis shows that for a single-family house, with a maximum daily amount of 3 kg hydrogen supply from the vehicle, the electrical energy demand can be covered to 100% for each day of the year with a stationary electrical storage capacity of 11 kWh _el . 100% coverage of the total energy demand (heat and electricity) is only possible in combination with an electrical heating system (all-electric house). In addition, the analysis shows that without an electrical storage capacity the use of a feedback FCEV with a minimal electrical power output of 3 kW _el for a single-family house without an electrical heating is not possible.