Modeling and Verification of a High Voltage Fuse for High Reliability and Safety in Electric Vehicle

The development of the electric vehicle industry has changed the concept of automobiles as electronic devices. Automotive components are becoming more and more electronic. To ensure the reliability and safety of electronic devices with electric shock and electromagnetic compatibility, each part has protective components such as electrostatic discharge devices and fuses. In particular, as the voltage and current of high-performance vehicle engines increase, high-voltage fuses for protecting drivers and passengers from explosion are becoming more important. In addition, the development of electrical fuses is time and cost consuming due to complex multiphysics, including electric arcs and large-scale experimental environments. In this paper, we propose a model to estimate the voltage, current and internal pressure of a high voltage fuse. Using the concept of a specific action, the resistance of the fuse to induced energy is modeled. The internal pressure is modeled based on the estimated electrical power profile. The proposed model is validated with time-domain measurements and Ansys CFX simulation results. The proposed model can significantly save simulation time and it has the expandability to estimate multiple physics parameters in fuses.