Controllable synthesis of (Ba0.85Ca0.15)(Zr0.1Ti0.9)O3 submicron sphere by hydroxide co-precipitation method

The grain growth behavior during the ceramic sintering process is largely dependent on the size uniformity of precursory powders; therefore, a controllable synthesis of uniform precursory powders is a key to synthesize finegrained dense ceramics. In this paper, we propose a simple and controllable hydroxide co-precipitation method to synthesize submicron spherical powders (Ba0.85Ca0.15)(Zr0.1Ti0.9)O-3 (BCZT) with high uniformity. Molar ratio of (Ba + Ca)/(Zr + Ti), concentration of mineralizer and Zr(NO3)(4)center dot 5H(2)O input proportion were found to be important factors in order to produce stoichiometric intermediates Ba0.85Ca0.15Zr0.1Ti0.9O292(C2O4)(0.08) powders, which then release CO and CO2 at similar to 456 degrees C and similar to 608 degrees C, individually, and eventually become pure phase of BCZT powders at similar to 696 degrees C during the calcination process. The phase-pure ceramics sintered at 1440 degrees C for 6 h displayed high recoverable energy storage performance (0.54 J/cm(3)). The obtained uniformly distributed BCZT precursory powders could be used to prepare fine-grained BCZT ceramics for multipurpose applications.