Trait mindfulness predicts daytime sleep-related impairment after controlling nocturnal sleep symptomology

Given that sleep-related impairment during the waking period is proposed to play an important role in maintaining insomnia, more research is needed on factors that relate specifically to the daytime symptoms of sleep problems. This study investigated whether trait mindfulness predicts daytime impairment attributed to poor sleep after accounting for deficits in nighttime sleep quantity and quality. In a United States population-based online sample (N = 459), hierarchical multiple regression predicted sleep-related daytime impairment from mindfulness after controlling for demographics, general health status, self-estimated sleep efficiency, and subjective sleep disturbance. Mindfulness displayed robust negative correlations with both nighttime and daytime sleep symptoms. In the full hierarchical model predicting daytime sleep-related impairment, mindfulness explained significant outcome variance after controlling all covariates, including nocturnal sleep symptomology. Trait mindfulness may thus have implications specific to daytime detriments associated with poor sleep, and cultivating mindfulness skills may be a particularly useful strategy for addressing such difficulties.