Associations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D Deficiency with metabolic components and Adiponectin among obese young adults, Saudi Arabia

Vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency prevalent in all age groups across the world, is common in obesity. This cross-sectional study is to evaluate the relationship between levels of adiponectin, circulating 25(OH)D, and its effect on metabolic biomarker among overweight/obese female students. Three hundred female students; with mean age20.9 +/- 3.2years were randomly selected from Jouf University during 2016-2017 year. Anthropometric and biochemical indices were determined. The study showed 19%of the female's student were either overweight or obese (15%and4%, respectively). The frequency of MS diagnosis among the students was17%, with13% and 4% had either three or four risk factors, respectively. Overweight/obese subjects had significantly worse anthropometric and biochemical characteristics, including waist/hip ratio, blood pressure (BP), fasting blood glucose (BG), insulin, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), triglyceride levels (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (LDL-C), leptin, adiponectin, leptin/adiponectin ratio and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (HDL-C) compared with normal weight. Of the subjects diagnosed with MS, 59%had mild and 8.6% had severe25(OH)D deficiency. There was negative association between 25(OH)D and both FBG and HOMA-IR among young women obese/overweight. The study suggested that low level of adiponectin was strongly correlated with low25(OH)D levels. Also, the prevalence of MS tends to increase with high occurrence rate of low circulating 25(OH)D levels that is, known cause poor glycemic control and prediction of cardiovascular outcomes.