5G URLLC Communication System With Cognitive Radio and Frequency Diversity Reception For Improving Reliability In Smart Factory E-cranes operation

During development and LAB trials for E-cranes solutions to the steel industry for TISCO (Tata Iron & Steel Company) using 5G URLLC (Ultra Reliable and Low Latency Communication) at 28 GHz carrier, the authors faced problems related to link outage due to rain and interference. To mitigate the problems, they are trying to use cognitive radio for interference avoidance and use of 1 GHz link as redundant link utilizing frequency diversity switched scheme for the solution to the problem of rain attenuation. Though cranes will be remotely controlled using NB-IoT (Narrow Band Internet of Things) waveform, live camera and voice are also transmitted through 5G NR (New Radio) waveform interfaced with the same link to have some accidental remedial measures. Majority of the time 28 GHz link will be useable but beyond a threshold rain intensity, NB-IoT control and other data will be diverted through 1 GHz link. One Pilot signal using 1 KHz Tone is used for estimation of rain in the 1GHz link. Beyond threshold rain intensity, the link data will be switched and re-routed through 1 GHz link as rain impact is negligible at 1GHz, thus ensuring reliability in NB-IoT Crane control operation.