High-quality nuclear genome for Sarcoptes scabiei-A critical resource for a neglected parasite.

Author summary Scabies is a highly significant parasitic disease caused by the mite S. scabiei. This NTD has a major adverse impact in disadvantaged communities around the world, particularly when associated with secondary bacterial infections and clinical complications. Here we report the first high-quality genome and transcriptomic data for S. scabiei and explore molecular aspects of S. scabiei/scabies. This genome (56.6 Mb, encoding similar to 9,200 proteins) provides a solid foundation for fundamental investigations of the molecular biology of the mite, host-parasite interactions and disease processes as well as for translational research to develop new treatments, vaccines and diagnostic tests. The parasitic mite Sarcoptes scabiei is an economically highly significant parasite of the skin of humans and animals worldwide. In humans, this mite causes a neglected tropical disease (NTD), called scabies. This disease results in major morbidity, disability, stigma and poverty globally and is often associated with secondary bacterial infections. Currently, anti-scabies treatments are not sufficiently effective, resistance to them is emerging and no vaccine is available. Here, we report the first high-quality genome and transcriptomic data for S. scabiei. The genome is 56.6 Mb in size, has a a repeat content of 10.6% and codes for 9,174 proteins. We explored key molecules involved in development, reproduction, host-parasite interactions, immunity and disease. The enhanced 'omic data sets for S. scabiei represent comprehensive and critical resources for genetic, functional genomic, metabolomic, phylogenetic, ecological and/or epidemiological investigations, and will underpin the design and development of new treatments, vaccines and/or diagnostic tests.