Endocrine disrupting chemicals may deregulate DNA repair through estrogen receptor mediated seizing of CBP/p300 acetylase

Purpose Environmental pollutants are known to induce DNA breaks, leading to genomic instability. Here, we propose a novel mechanism for the genotoxic effects exerted by environmentally exposed endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Methods Bibliographic research and presentation of the analysis. Discussion In mammals, nucleotide excision repair, base excision repair, homologous recombination and non-homologous end-joining pathways are some of the major DNA repair pathways. p300 along with CREB-binding protein (CBP) contributes to chromatin remodeling, DNA damage response and repair of both single- and double-stranded DNA breaks. In addition to its role in DNA repair, CBP/p300 also acts as a coactivator to interact with the estrogen receptor and androgen receptor during its estrogen- and androgen-dependent transactivation, respectively. Since activated estrogen receptors (ERs) seize p300 from the repressed genes and redistribute it to the enhancer genes to activate transcription, the cellular functioning may be based on a balance between these pathways and any disturbance in one may alter the other, leading to undesirable physiological effects. Conclusion In conclusion, CBP/p300 is important for DNA repair and nuclear hormone receptor transactivation. Activated hormone receptors can sequester p300 to regulate the hormonal effects. Hence, we believe that activation of ERs by EDCs results in sequestration of CBP/p300 for ER transactivation and transcription initiation of its target genes, leading to a competition for CBP/P300, resulting in the deregulation of all other pathways involving p300/CBP.