The relationship between cognitive distortion, depressive symptoms, and social adaptation: A survey in Japan.

BACKGROUND:In the treatment of depression, improvements in both clinical symptoms and social adaptation are important. Previous studies have shown that cognitive distortion and depressive symptoms are mutually related, and that depressive symptoms and social adaptation are related to each other. However, it is unknown how these three factors interrelate. Therefore, this study examined the relationship between cognitive distortion, depressive symptoms, and social adaptation. METHODS:The final analyzed sample consisted of 430 employees of a manufacturing company in Japan (74.2% male, 24.7% female, 1.2% unknown). Participants completed the Worker's Cognitive Distortion Scale (WCDS), Beck Depression Inventory-Second Edition (BDI-II), and Social Adaptation Self-Evaluation Scale (SASS). The WCDS was further divided into two subscales: self-contained cognitive distortion (WCDS-S) and environment-dependent cognitive distortion (WCDS-E). We used a covariance structure analysis for the main analysis and examined the relationship between these three variables' scores. RESULTS:The results revealed that both the WCDS-S and WCDS-E affected social adaptation indirectly via depressive symptoms, and that the WCDS-S additionally affected social adaptation directly. It was further revealed that the WCDS-S exerted a greater effect on depressive symptoms than the WCDS-E. LIMITATIONS:The participants were healthy cases. As such, one must be cautious about applying the results of healthy cases to clinical cases. CONCLUSIONS:This study indicates that cognitive distortion affects social adaptation directly and that it is indirectly mediated by depressive symptoms. Thus, professionals are required to attempt to treat depressive symptoms and improve social adaptation by considering that interventions in cognitive distortion may be effective.