HLA-E expression in diffuse glioma: relationship with clinicopathological features and patient survival

Background Human leukocyte antigen-E (HLA-E) has been extensively investigated in various human cancers including glioma. However, the clinical significance of HLA-E expression in glioma patients has not been elucidated. The current study aimed to investigate the association of HLA-E expression with clinicopathological features and survival in patients with diffuse glioma. Methods A total of 261 glioma patients were enrolled, subsequently, mRNA microarray analysis was conducted to identify the relationship of HLA-E with clinicopathological features and patient survival. Results HLA-E was significantly overexpressed in high-grade gliomas compared to low-grade gliomas (LGGs). Moreover, HLA-E expression was significantly higher in diffuse astrocytomas than oligodendrogliomas ( p = 0.032, t-test). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were significantly better in LGG patients with low HLA-E expression ( p = 0.018 for PFS and p = 0.020 for OS, Log-rank test). Furthermore, HLA-E expression was identified to be an independent prognostic factor by Cox analysis ( p = 0.020 for PFS and p = 0.024 for OS). Conclusions This is the first study which identified the clinical significance of HLA-E in diffuse glioma. HLA-E expression was correlated with more aggressive tumor grade and histological type and was identified as an independent prognostic biomarker in LGG patients.