Detection of Antimicrobial Resistance Using Proteomics and the Comprehensive Antibiotic Resistance Database: a Case Study.

Purpose Antimicrobial resistance (AMR), especially multidrug resistance, is one of the most serious global threats facing public health. The authors proof-of-concept study assessing the suitability of shotgun proteomics as an additional approach to whole-genome sequencing (WGS) for detecting AMR determinants. Experimental Design Previously published shotgun proteomics and WGS data on four isolates of Campylobacter jejuni are used to perform AMR detection by searching the Comprehensive Antibiotic Resistance Database, and their detection ability relative to genomics screening and traditional phenotypic testing measured by minimum inhibitory concentration is assessed. Results Both genomic and proteomic approaches identify the wild-type and variant molecular determinants responsible for resistance to tetracycline and ciprofloxacin, in agreement with phenotypic testing. In contrast, the genomic method identifies the presence of the beta-lactamase gene, bla(OXA)(-)(61), in three isolates. However, its corresponding protein product is detected in only a single isolate, consistent with results obtained from phenotypic testing.