NvPD: novel parallel edit distance algorithm, correctness, and performance evaluation

Edit distance has applications in many domains such as bioinformatics, spell checking, plagiarism checking, query optimization, speech recognition, and data mining. Traditionally, edit distance is computed by dynamic programming based sequential solution which becomes infeasible for large problems. In this paper, we introduce NvPD, a novel algorithm for parallel edit distance computation by resolving dependencies in the conventional dynamic programming based solution. We also establish the correctness of modified dependencies. NvPD exhibits certain characteristics such as balanced workload among processors, less synchronization overhead, maximum utilization of resources and it can exploit spatial locality. It requires min (m,n) steps to complete as compared to diagonal based approach that completes in max (m,n) . Experimental evaluation using variety of random and real life data sets over shared memory multi-core systems and graphic processing units (GPUs) show that NvPD outperforms state-of-the-art parallel edit distance algorithms.