Risk factors to secondary nosocomial bacteremia to UTI in a tertiary hospital.

Introduction. Nosocomial bacteremia secondary to urinary tract infections (NBS-UTI) occur in 1-4% of episodes and the associated mortality can increase up to 33%. However, very little is known about the epidemiology of these infections. The determination of modifiable risk factors to develop this type of bacteremia could help to control the infection and reduce health costs. Material and methods. Cases-control study of NBS-UTI diagnosed at the University Hospital of Canary Islands between 2010-2014. The clinical-epidemiological variables and the intrinsic and extrinsic potential risk factors were collected. Logistic regression was used to study the variables associated with the development of NBS-UTI. Results. A total of 178 episodes were studied, 85 cases and 93 controls. The average stay was significantly greater in the cases; from admission to bacteremia (p < 0.003), as well as from discharge to discharge (p < 0.005). Hepatic insufficiency (p < 0.091), the use of mechanical ventilation (p < 0.001), the central venous catheter (p < 0.043) and surgery in the episode (p < 0.001) behaved as risk factors for the acquisition of NBS-ITU. Conclusion. Invasive devices, such as central venous catheter and mechanical ventilation, that had not previously been studied; as well as the surgery in the episode, which had not been studied either, suppose risk factors. In addition, NBS-ITU causes a significant increase in hospital stay. Therefore, it is necessary to know the risk factors for the appearance of these infections, and thus prevent their appearance and improve the safety of hospitalized patients.